Which type of non-destructive testing equipment does not require access to both sides of the concrete?

Ground penetrating radar is the type of non-destructive testing equipment that does not require access to both sides of the concrete. This method uses radar pulses to image the subsurface, allowing for the detection of objects such as rebar, pipes, or voids within the concrete without needing to penetrate it.

This technique is advantageous because it can provide data about the concrete's internal structures from one side only, making it practical in situations where access to the opposite side is limited or impossible. Ground penetrating radar is effective for scanning large areas quickly and can be used in various applications, including surveying and mapping concrete structures.

In contrast, ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, and X-ray inspection typically necessitate access to both sides of the material. Ultrasonic testing relies on sound waves that travel through the material, needing a transducer on either side to interpret reflection patterns. Magnetic particle testing is primarily suitable for ferromagnetic materials and requires surface access to create a magnetic field on one side. X-ray inspection involves penetrating radiation that must pass through the material, requiring access to both sides to obtain clear images of internal flaws or features.